DAIR Big Sioux River Bridge (Fairview)


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Name DAIR Big Sioux River Bridge (Fairview)
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway Bridge #T-618
Built By Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad
Currently Owned By D&I Railroad
Superstructure Contractor Lakeside Bridge Company of North Milwaukee, Wisconsin (Truss)
Wisconsin Bridge & Iron Company of North Milwaukee, Wisconsin (Girders)
Length 572 Feet Total, 135 Foot Main Span
Width 1 Track
Height Above Ground 25 Feet (Estimated)
Superstructure Design Warren Pony Truss, Through Plate Girder and Steel Stringer
Substructure Design Concrete, Timber Pile and Steel Pile
Date Fabricated 1905 (Girders)
1932 (Truss)
Date Erected 1911/1932 (Girders)
1932 (Truss)
2014 (Approaches)
Original Location (Girders) Bridge #B-28; Elm Grove, Wisconsin
Traffic Count 2 Trains/Day (Estimated)
Current Status In Use
Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Bridge Number T-618
Significance Moderate Significance
Documentation Date 12/30/2014

In 1878, the Sioux City and Pembina Railway (SC&P) began construction on a line extending from Elk Point, South Dakota to Sioux Falls, South Dakota.  Concurrently, the Southern Minnesota Railway (SM) began construction on a line extending from Egan, South Dakota to Sioux Falls.  In 1879, the SC&P merged with the Dakota Southern Railroad to form the Sioux City & Dakota Railroad (SC&D).  In 1880, the SM would be conveyed to the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway, and in 1881 the SC&D would be acquired by the same company.  Work was quickly completed on the line.  Known as the Milwaukee Road, the railroad had constructed a significant network of lines throughout the Midwest, connecting several states with Chicago. 

The Milwaukee Road operated this route as a secondary route, connecting cities and other lines in South Dakota. The Milwaukee Road was often in financial trouble, especially after the costly Pacific Extension was completed in 1909. In 1925, the company declared bankruptcy, and reorganized as the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad in 1928. As the Milwaukee Road continued to face financial turmoil, branch lines began to see deteriorated conditions. In 1980, the Milwaukee Road sought to abandon significant trackage in South Dakota, including this line.  The Dell Rapids to Egan segment would be abandoned, while the Elk Point to Dell Rapids segment sold to the State of South Dakota.  The D&I Railroad was selected to operate the line.  The State of South Dakota sold the line to the D&I in 2021, and today, D&I continues to operate the line.


Located in the town of Fairview, this pony truss bridge crosses the Big Sioux River. The first bridge here was likely a wooden truss bridge. In 1911, two 65-foot secondhand type "C-4" through plate girder spans were relocated from Bridge #B-28 near Elm Grove, Wisconsin; and installed on timber piers. These spans were originally fabricated in 1905 by Wisconsin Bridge & Iron Company. In 1932, it was desired to reconstruct the bridge, and a 135-foot 8-panel riveted Warren pony truss span was installed on concrete piers, and the two through girder spans reused at either end, set onto timber pile piers. Timber trestle spans were also installed at either end. The truss span was fabricated by the relatively obscure Lakeside Bridge Company, which may have built additional spans for the Milwaukee Road. This design of truss was utilized in a number of locations by the Milwaukee Road, particularly in the late 1920s and early 1930s. The truss utilizes rounded ends, solid members and heavy riveted connections. A nearly identical span was constructed the same year at nearby Hudson. The girder spans of this bridge utilize rounded edges, typical of Milwaukee Road girder spans. The approaches of the bridge were replaced in 2014 by new steel stringer spans. Overall, the bridge appears to be in fair to good condition, with no significant deterioration noted. The author has ranked the bridge as being moderately significant, due to the truss design.


Citations

Builder and build date (approach spans) Wisconsin Bridge & Iron Company plaque
Builder and build date (main span) Milwaukee Road Bridge Records at the South Dakota State Historical Society
Railroad History Citation ICC Valuation Information, Compiled by Richard S. Steele

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